And here I must observe again,that this necessity of going out of our houses to buy provisions was in a great measure the ruin of the whole city,for the people catched the distemper on these occasions one of another,and even the provisions themselves were often tainted;at least I have great reason to believe so;and therefore I cannot say with satisfaction what I know is repeated with great assurance,that the market-people and such as brought provisions to town were never infected.I am certain the butchers of Whitechappel,where the greatest part of the flesh-meat was killed,were dreadfully visited,and that at least to such a degree that few of their shops were kept open,and those that remained of them killed their meat at Mile End and that way,and brought it to market upon horses.
However,the poor people could not lay up provisions,and there was a necessity that they must go to market to buy,and others to send servants or their children;and as this was a necessity which renewed itself daily,it brought abundance of unsound people to the markets,and a great many that went thither sound brought death home with them.
It is true people used all possible precaution.When any one bought a joint of meat in the market they would not take it off the butcher's hand,but took it off the hooks themselves.On the other hand,the butcher would not touch the money,but have it put into a pot full of vinegar,which he kept for that purpose.The buyer carried always small money to make up any odd sum,that they might take no change.
They carried bottles of scents and perfumes in their hands,and all the means that could be used were used,but then the poor could not do even these things,and they went at all hazards.
Innumerable dismal stories we heard every day on this very account.
Sometimes a man or woman dropped down dead in the very markets,for many people that had the plague upon them knew nothing of it till the inward gangrene had affected their vitals,and they died in a few moments.This caused that many died frequently in that manner in the streets suddenly,without any warning;others perhaps had time to go to the next bulk or stall,or to any door-porch,and just sit down and die,as I have said before.
These objects were so frequent in the streets that when the plague came to be very raging on one side,there was scarce any passing by the streets but that several dead bodies would be lying here and there upon the ground.On the other hand,it is observable that though at first the people would stop as they went along and call to the neighbours to come out on such an occasion,yet afterward no notice was taken of them;but that if at any time we found a corpse lying,go across the way and not come near it;or,if in a narrow lane or passage,go back again and seek some other way to go on the business we were upon;and in those cases the corpse was always left till the officers had notice to come and take them away,or till night,when the bearers attending the dead-cart would take them up and carry them away.Nor did those undaunted creatures who performed these offices fail to search their pockets,and sometimes strip off their clothes if they were well dressed,as sometimes they were,and carry off what they could get.
But to return to the markets.The butchers took that care that if any person died in the market they had the officers always at band to take them up upon hand-barrows and carry them to the next churchyard;and this was so frequent that such were not entered in the weekly bill,'Found dead in the streets or fields',as is the case now,but they went into the general articles of the great distemper.
But now the fury of the distemper increased to such a degree that even the markets were but very thinly furnished with provisions or frequented with buyers compared to what they were before;and the Lord Mayor caused the country people who brought provisions to be stopped in the streets leading into the town,and to sit down there with their goods,where they sold what they brought,and went immediately away;and this encouraged the country people greatly-to do so,for they sold their provisions at the very entrances into the town,and even in the fields,as particularly in the fields beyond Whitechappel,in Spittlefields;also in St George's Fields in Southwark,in Bunhill Fields,and in a great field called Wood's Close,near Islington.
Thither the Lord Mayor,aldermen,and magistrates sent their officers and servants to buy for their families,themselves keeping within doors as much as possible,and the like did many other people;and after this method was taken the country people came with great cheerfulness,and brought provisions of all sorts,and very seldom got any harm,which,I suppose,added also to that report of their being miraculously preserved.
As for my little family,having thus,as I have said,laid in a store of bread,butter,cheese,and beer,I took my friend and physician's advice,and locked myself up,and my family,and resolved to suffer the hardship of living a few months without flesh-meat,rather than to purchase it at the hazard of our lives.
But though I confined my family,I could not prevail upon my unsatisfied curiosity to stay within entirely myself;and though Igenerally came frighted and terrified home,vet I could not restrain;only that indeed I did not do it so frequently as at first.
I had some little obligations,indeed,upon me to go to my brother's house,which was in Coleman Street parish and which he had left to my care,and I went at first every day,but afterwards only once or twice a week.
In these walks I had many dismal scenes before my eyes,as particularly of persons falling dead in the streets,terrible shrieks and screechings of women,who,in their agonies,would throw open their chamber windows and cry out in a dismal,surprising manner.It is impossible to describe the variety of postures in which the passions of the poor people would express themselves.
