巴黎高等师范学院：精英教育的典范
英文导读
The école Normale Supérieure（also known as Normale Sup’， Normale， and ENS）was created in Paris in 1794， during the French Revolution， to train the nation’s future teachers according to the critical and secular spirit of the new Republic. In 1847， the école normale Supérieure moved to its current location on rue d’Ulm， on the Montagne Sainte-Geneviève near the Sorbonne and the Collège de France. Early on， the école normale Supérieure became home to elite research. In the mid-19th century， Louis Pasteur carried out his pioneering work within its walls. For decades， the ENS has been the most prestigious site of French intellectual and scientific life. It participated in all the great intellectual debates of modern France， from the Dreyfus Affair to the movements of the 1930s， and from the foundation of the human sciences to the avant-garde movements of the 1970s. ENS has a thorough selection process which requires hard work and willpower (with written and oral tests)， excellence and prestige to train students to a high level， a rigorous and methodical mind and an original personality who will be the elite of society with a view to culture， scientific research (in sciences and humanities) and power. It has since developed into an elite institution which has become a platform for many of France"s brightest young people to pursue high-level careers in government and academia and symbolizes the independence of mind. The ENS system is different from that of most higher education systems outside France， thus making it difficult to compare； in particular， it is much smaller than a typical English collegiate university.
System： ENS has two main sections： Sciences (Mathematics， Physical， Chemistry， Computational， Biology， Geology， and Medicine) and Humanities (Letters and Human & Social Sciences： Literature， Latin and Greek， Archaeology， Philosophy， History， Geography， Law， Economy， Political sciences， Sociology， Psychology， Public Administration). ENS has a gymnasium but no sport section， but the university-sister of ENS-Cachan has a sport-section to train the elite of sport-teachers and even a design section.
生词助读
critical [.kritik.l] a. 批评的，爱挑剔的；危险的；决定性的；评论的
secular [.sekj.l.(r)] a. 世俗的；长期的；不朽的
prestigious [pre.st.d..s] a. 有名望的；享有声望的
prestige [pre.sti：.] n. 威望，声望；声誉
rigorous [.r.g.r.s] a. 严厉的；严密的；严酷的
methodical [m..θ.d.kl] a. 有系统的；有方法的
elite [e..li：t] n. 精英；精华
中文概述
巴黎高等师范学院创办于1794年，是法国一所培养教学和科研人员的高等专科学校。校址在巴黎，原名巴黎师范学校，是一所独立于法国公立大学主流框架下的高等教育师范学院。法国巴黎高等师范学院创立于法国大革命时期，其目的是为了培养具有启蒙运动时期的批判性精神和现实价值观的新的教师队伍。后由于政府更迭而几经改组、封闭。1808年，根据拿破仑一世的帝国敕令予以重建， 成为培养国立中学教师的学校， 1810 年开始招生。1845年改现名。1847年，巴黎高等师范学院迁到现在的地点维乌尔姆，这条街位于邻近索邦大学与法兰西学院的圣日内维吾山上。自此以后，法国巴黎高等师范学院发展成为一个精英学院，成为了许多法国最聪明的年轻人在政府机构和学术界高阶职位的平台。
巴黎高等师范学院分文、理两科。文科设古典文学、现代文学、哲学、历史、地理、现代外语、社会科学等专业。理科设数学、物理、化学、生物、地质等专业。巴黎高师共有6个文科系和6个理科系，分别为：哲学系、历史学系、古代学系、语言文学系、社会科学系、地理学系；纯数学与应用数学系、计算机科学系、物理学系、化学系、生物学系、地球大气海洋学系。高师的传统学科是历史、地理、哲学、古典及现代文学和社会科学。
巴黎高等师范学院的教学特色有三个方面。其一是鼓励文理渗透，让理科学生得到人文学科的熏陶，辅以坚实的外语根底，文科学生也接受相应的理科培养，扩大知识面，开拓思维空间及分析模式；其二是特别重视外语教学，使学生能够在特殊学科中掌握相应的语言工具；其三是推崇知识自由，高师学生没有固定的教学计划与大纲，根据学生的的特点及新学科的需要，不断更新教学内容。
梦想成功录
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
只工作，不玩耍，聪明小孩也变傻。
Courtesy is the inseparable companion of virtue.
礼貌和美德是分不开的伴侣。
